Functions and Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Hsp60, Hsp70, and Hsp90 in Neuroinflammatory Disorders

Neuroinflammation is implicated in central nervous system (CNS) diseases, but the molecular mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Progress may be accelerated by developing a comprehensive view of pathogenesis CNS disorders, including immune and chaperone systems (IS CS). The latter consists chaperones; cochaperones; cofactors, interactors, receptors an organism its main collaborators maintaining protein homeostasis (canonical function) ubiquitin–proteasome chaperone-mediated autophagy. CS has also noncanonical functions, for instance, modulation IS with induction proinflammatory cytokines. This deserves investigation because it at core neuroinflammation, elucidation mechanism will open roads toward efficacious treatments centered on chaperones (i.e., chaperonotherapy). Here, we discuss information available role three members CS—heat shock (Hsp)60, Hsp70, Hsp90—in neuroinflammation. These occur intra- extracellularly, being most likely neuroinflammation they can interact IS. We some interactions, their consequences, molecules many aspects still incompletely elucidated, hope that this review encourage research based data presented to pave way development chaperonotherapy. consist blocking promotes destructive or replacing boosting defective cytoprotective activity against neurodegeneration.